I ran into this today.
I ended up using vSphere Center to increase my disk size, carve up a new logical primary partition with the new space, convert that to a logical Linux LVM partition, then use vgdisplay and vgextend to add the new partition (sda3 in my case) to the volume group. I was able then to extend the resize the LVM and then use resizefs to resize the live/mounted filesystem. It worked!
....I did however have to do my SUS sync all over again. I might go in and dump the whole downloaded database in /srv/SUS and start it from scratch. I'm not sure if the system will attempt to download an entire 83+GB of updates again or if it will rescan the downloaded content and pickup where it left off.