Where do you have it set to trigger, and are you flushing your policies if it's happening to previously enrolled devices?

The way I have our work flow set up for example is, after prestage enrollment is complete trigger this script

#!/bin/bash


LoggedInUser=$(stat -f%Su /dev/console)
LoggedInUID=$(id -u "$LoggedInUser")

computerName=$(/bin/launchctl asuser "$LoggedInUID" sudo -iu "$LoggedInUser" /usr/bin/osascript -e 'Tell application "System Events" to display dialog "Please enter computer name and click Submit:" default answer "" buttons {"Submit"} with icon caution' -e 'text returned of result' 2>/dev/null)

/usr/sbin/scutil --set ComputerName "${computerName}"
/usr/sbin/scutil --set LocalHostName "${computerName}"
/usr/sbin/scutil --set HostName "${computerName}"

dscacheutil -flushcache

echo "Computer name has been set.."
echo "<result>' scutil --get ComputerName'</result>"

I also have a profile to allow the JAMF agent to act as a privileged user without user interaction: https://github.com/jamf/JamfPrivacyPreferencePolicyControlProfiles

Together this makes a dialog popup after the prestage enrollment screen (the one with the cogs) after about 10 seconds of moving onto the privacy and data section. If it's a previously enrolled device I clear all the policies before starting enrollment.

Edit: Also take note that running sudo in a script changes the environment for the script to root(/) which is probably also a cause of your script failing. Using the PPPC profile from JAMF I linked above will remove the need to sudo to make system changes with scripts as the jamf agent.

I'm seeing a similar behavior,
Here is the script that I'm using

!/bin/sh

Prompts for user input to name computer. Used for JAMF enrollments.

Gather user

loggedInUser=$(stat -f%Su /dev/console)
loggedInUID=$(id -u "$loggedInUser")

Capture user input

computerName=$(/bin/launchctl asuser "$loggedInUID" sudo -iu "$loggedInUser" /usr/bin/osascript -e 'tell application "System Events" to set computerName to text returned of (display dialog "Please Input New Computer Name" default answer "" with icon 2)')

Rename

scutil --set ComputerName "$computerName"
scutil --set HostName "$computerName"
scutil --set LocalHostName "$computerName"

**But recently I have been seeing this error:
Actions from policy log: Executing Policy Enrollment - 75 - Computer Name Running script enrollment-computerName.sh... Script exit code: 1 Script result: 74:151: execution error: An error of type -10810 has occurred. (-10810)
Could not open prefs: No such key
SCPreferencesSetHostName() failed: No such key
SCPreferencesSetLocalHostName() failed: No such key

Error running script: return code was 1.