You could create a smart group using the criteria "Printers Mapped is <nameOfPrinter>" but if you want to specifically target the URI then you would need an extension attribute. After a quick look, it would appear this would actually be pretty straightforward as we can utilize lpstat to get printer information from client machines. Here's a quick and dirty way you could do this:
#!/bin/sh
printerURI="ipp://127.0.0.1"
isInstalled="False"
if [ "$(lpstat -p -v | grep $printerURI)" ] ; then
isInstalled="True"
fi
echo "<result>$isInstalled</result">
You can change printerURI to "printerURI=$4" and then define the printer URI within the JSS script parameters instead of hardcoding it. The above example is far from robust or exhaustive, but you get the idea :)