I'm a cloud user but this should be just as possible in theory as far as I understand the technology. You can also use scripts in general, right? Then that should be possible.

Yes, the script runs fully on the device. It locally downloads the relevant installer packages and installs them. From Jamf's perspective, the installomator script is just a normal script. 

Agree with above replies -- we use Jamf Cloud and Installomator works fine with it.