Assuming that they will have some human interaction when first configured, then you can cobble together something with bash/applescript that can prompt for the machine name and then the scutil command to set the names.

We run a "Rename" policy that's triggered by enrollment. Basically just a bash script that renames the machine with our standard prefix "Company + last 7 of serial number"

Then the rename script triggers a policy to set the NTP server setting and bind the machine to AD. With SplashBuddy on top so that the tech/user can get visual feedback of progress.

Here's the script I use. I put this in a policy that's scoped to a smart group that looks for misnamed Macs, the criteria there can be anything you want.

#!/bin/sh

SerialNumber=`/usr/sbin/system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | awk '/Serial/ { print $NF }' `

# Is this a portable? 0 = no, 1 = yes
BOOK=`/usr/sbin/system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | awk -F ": " '/Model Name/ { print $NF }' | grep Book | wc -l`

# Set system name variable based on the above two variables
if [ $BOOK == 1 ]
then
    NAME=WPL$SerialNumber
else
    NAME=WPD$SerialNumber
fi

/usr/sbin/scutil --set ComputerName $NAME
/usr/sbin/scutil --set HostName $NAME
/usr/sbin/scutil --set LocalHostName $NAME

-Prompt for new computer name- snip of code that I have used. This runs and is triggered at login. Then use scutil to rename computer. Below is just an example to give an idea of what I have done.

#!/bin/sh
newCompName=$(osascript -e 'set compName to the text returned of (display dialog "Enter New Computer Name" default answer "")')
(path to scutil) --set HostName $newCompName
(path to scutil)  --set LocalHostName $newCompName
(path to scutil)  --set ComputerName $newCompName
(path to system setup) -setcomputername $newCompName

Thanks a lot everyone. All of these are very helpful. I think @tsmith182 has the answer that best suits my needs.

I use this script

#!/bin/bash

# Matt Kinabrew
# 2017.06.30
#
# Craig Kabis craigkabis@gmail.com
# Updated on 2019-03-03


# Get the current names before we make any changes
echo
echo "The ComputerName is currently set to: "
/usr/sbin/scutil --get ComputerName
echo

echo "The LocalHostName is currently set to: "
/usr/sbin/scutil --get LocalHostName
echo

echo "The HostName is currently set to: "
/usr/sbin/scutil --get HostName
echo

echo "***************************************************************"

# If system_profiler indicates that the system is not a Parallels Desktop Virtual Machine...
if [ $(system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | /usr/bin/grep -c "Model Identifier: Parallels") == 0 ]; then

# TO DO
# If system_profiler indicates that the system is not a VMware Fusion Virtual Machine...

# TO DO
# If system_profiler indicates that the system is not a Oracle VirtualBox Virtual Machine...

    # ...and if the boot volume is on a device that is not internal...
    if [[ $(/usr/sbin/diskutil info $(/sbin/mount | /usr/bin/grep "on / " | /usr/bin/cut -f 1 -d " " | sed "s//dev///g" | /usr/bin/cut -c 1-5) | /usr/bin/grep -c "Internal")  == "0" ]]; then

        # ...then set the hostname to "OSX-" + the last 7 characters of the MAC address for interface en0, capitalized, + "-EX".
        hostnameNew="OSX-"$(/sbin/ifconfig | /usr/bin/grep -A 3 "en0:" | /usr/bin/grep ether | /usr/bin/sed "s/ ether //g" | /usr/bin/sed "s/://g" | /usr/bin/sed "s/ //g" | /usr/bin/awk '{print toupper($0)}' | /usr/bin/sed 's/.*(.......)/1/')"-EX"

    else

        # ...then set the hostname to "OSX-" + the last 8 characters of the serial number of the computer + "-U".
        hostnameNew="OSX-"$(system_profiler SPHardwareDataType | /usr/bin/grep Serial | /usr/bin/sed 's/.*(........)$/1/')"-U"
    fi

else

    # ...then set the hostname to "OSX-" + the last 7 characters of the MAC address for interface en0, capitalized, + "-VM".
    hostnameNew="OSX-"$(/sbin/ifconfig | /usr/bin/grep -A 3 "en0:" | /usr/bin/grep ether | /usr/bin/sed "s/ ether //g" | /usr/bin/sed "s/://g" | /usr/bin/sed "s/ //g" | /usr/bin/awk '{print toupper($0)}' | /usr/bin/sed 's/.*(.......)/1/')"-VM"

fi


# Change the capital letters to lowercase letters
hostnameNewLowercase=$(echo $hostnameNew | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')


# Echo out the new hostname so you can see what it is if you are running the script from the command line.
echo
echo "The new hostname will be:"
echo $hostnameNewLowercase
echo


# Set the new hostname.
/usr/sbin/scutil --set ComputerName $hostnameNewLowercase
/usr/sbin/scutil --set LocalHostName $hostnameNewLowercase
/usr/sbin/scutil --set HostName $hostnameNewLowercase

exit 0