No, this isn't possible with Jamf Pro. You get that with products like Apple Remote Desktop, but that's because it works in a different way than Jamf Pro. With ARD, your Macs are constantly broadcasting their status over the network and the ARD app simply monitors those broadcasts in real time. With Jamf, the Macs only check in to your server for policies and other items on a scheduled basis, or if a user initiates a connection in Self Service. The Jamf server is never really reaching out to your Macs.
The best you can do is use your last check-in time data, which you can add in as a default column when running a general search for all devices. You can sort by last check-in and at least see which Macs have been online recently.
