To set as default, there are several tools available like utiutil, duti and swda - the last of which is still my go-to.
https://github.com/RhetTbull/utitools
https://github.com/Lord-Kamina/SwiftDefaultApps
To set bookmarks (called 'favorites' on Edge) you'll want to create and deploy a configuration profile using the keys and values as described in the Edge policy documentation:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/deployedge/microsoft-edge-policies#managedfavorites
If you're new to configuration profiles, check out iMazing Profile Editor:
https://imazing.com/profile-editor
Remember to quit and reopen Edge after deploying changes to the profile - even though as a Chromium browser, you should be able to open "edge://policy" and chose Reload, not every key will be respected this way. Save versions as you develop the profile so you can easily revert when something breaks. Don't ever delete a computer-level profile from Jamf without setting its scope back to None first (or, better yet, just don't ever delete any computer-level profiles, just file them away in an Archive category etc).
